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Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online (TERO)
USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online (TERO) (ISSN 1541-0277) is an electronic technical journal published by the United States Golf Association and housed with the Turfgrass Information File (TGIF) at the Michigan State University Libraries. It reports the results of research projects funded under USGA's Turfgrass and Environmental Research Program.
Current and Past Issues sorted by

Workgroup Detail
Cool Season Grasses

Jung, G., J. Curley, and Y.-K. Jo. 2007. A genetic roadmap for breeding perennial ryegrass resistant to gray leaf spot. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(2): 1-7

Cool Season Grasses

Casler, M., G. Jung, S. Bughrara, A. Hamblin, C. Williamson, and T. Voigt. 2006. Development of creeping bentgrass with resistance to snow mold and dollar spot. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(18): 1-10

Cool Season Grasses

Huang, B., X. Liu, and Q. Xu. 2005. The importance of carbon balance and root activity in creeping bentgrass tolerance to summer stress. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(24): 1-5

Cool Season Grasses

Voigt, T., D. Dinelli, B. Branham, R. Kane, and P. Vermeulen. 2005. Creeping bentgrass cultivars in the upper Midwest: Quality and rate of annual bluegrass invasion. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(21): 1-7

Cool Season Grasses

Belanger, F.C., S.A. Bonos, and W.A. Meyer. 2005. Interspecific hybridization as a new approach to improving dollar spot resistance in creeping bentgrass. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(3): 1-5

Cool Season Grasses

Huff, D.R. 2004. Developing annual bluegrass cultivars for putting greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(9): 1-8

Cool Season Grasses

Maqbool, S. B. and M. B. Sticklen. 2003. Genetic engineering turfgrasses for pest resistance. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(21): 1-13

Cool Season Grasses

Han, Y., S. A. Bonos, B. B. Clarke, and W. A. Meyer. 2003. Inoculation techniques for selection of gray leaf spot resistance in perennial ryegrass.  USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(9): 1- 7.

Cool Season Grasses

Bushoven, J. T., Z. Jiang, and R. J. Hull. 2002. Differences in nitrate uptake and metabolism among perennial ryegrass and creeping bentgrass cultivars. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(15):1-14.

Cultivar Evaluation

Morris, K. N. 2006. Grasses for overseeding bermudagrass fairways. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(23): 1-7

Cultivar Evaluation

Morris, K. 2004. Grasses for overseeding bermudagrass fairways. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(1): 1-8

Engineering

Bigelow, C. A., and D. R. Smith. 2008. Physical analysis of sands for golf course bunker use. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 7(3): 1-9

Engineering

St. John, R., and N. Christians. 2007. Basic Cation Ratios for sand-based greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(10): 1-9

Engineering

Crum, J. R., F. W. Thomas, and J. N. Rogers III. 2003. Agronomic and engineering properties of USGA putting greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(15): 1-9.

Engineering

Puri, V. M. and C. F. Mancino. 2002. Importance of particle shape and size on rootzone sands' bulk mechanical behavior. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(18):1-8.

Entomology

Braman, S. K., and P. L. Raymer. 2006. Tolerance of seashore paspalum to feeding by Japanese beetle. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(11): 1-8

Entomology

Redmond, C. T., and D. A. Potter. 2007. Silicon fertilization does not enhance creeping bentgrass resistance to cutworms and white grubs. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(3): 1-7

Entomology

Koppenhöfer, A. M., and E. M. Fuzy. 2006. Nematodes for white grub control: Effects of soil type and soil moisture on infectivity and persistence. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(19): 1-10

Entomology

Koppenhöfer, A. M., S. Polavarapu, E. M. Fuzy, A. Zhang, K. Ketner, and T. Larsen. 2006. Mating disruption of oriental beetle with sprayable sex pheromone formulations. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(15): 1-8

Entomology

Reinert, J. A., J. C. Read, M. E. McCoy, J. J. Heitholt, S. P. Metz, and R. J. Bauernfeind. 2006. Susceptibility of bluegrasses to bluegrass billbug. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(5): 1-9

Entomology

Braman, S. K., R. R. Duncan, W. W. Hanna, and M. C. Engelke. 2005. Dual defense: Pest-resistant turf and natural enemy interactions. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(23): 1-7

Entomology

Williamson, R. C., and S. C. Hong. 2005. Identification of mechanism(s) of resistance in Kentucky bluegrass for control of black cutworms. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(22): 1-6

Entomology

Heng-Moss, T. M., F. P. Baxendale, R. C. Shearman, and T. E. Eickhoff. 2005. Resistant turfgrasses for improved chinch bug management. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(19): 1-7

Entomology

Braman, S. K., R. R. Duncan, W. W. Hanna, and M. C. Engelke. 2005. Fall armyworm response to insecticides: Influence of turf type. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(18): 1-11

Entomology

Prater, C.A. and D.A. Potter. 2004. New tool for biological warfare on cutworms? USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(12): 1-5

Entomology

Braman, K. 2004. Resistant turf: Front line defense for insect pests. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(2): 1-8

Entomology

Maier, R. M. and D. A. Potter. 2003. Nuisance ants on golf courses. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(22): 1-5

Entomology

Frank, J. H. 2002. A parasitic fly that kills mole crickets. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(9):1-5.

Entomology

Rogers, M. E., and D. A. Potter. 2002. Biological control of white grubs by parasitic wasps. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(8):1-5.

Entomology

Brandenburg, R. L. 2002. Improving mole cricket management by targeting their weakness. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(5):1-8.

Fate and Transport

King, K. W., and J. C. Balogh. 2008. Hydrologic and water quality assessment from managed turf. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 7(2): 1-12

Fate and Transport

Carroll, M. J., C. J. Hapeman, and F. J. Coale. 2007. Turfgrass runoff investigations: Does plot size matter? USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(24): 1-7

Fate and Transport

Guertal, E. A. 2007. Phosphorus leaching from sand-based putting greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(16): 1-6

Fate and Transport

Stier, John C., Kussow, Wayne R. 2006. Impact of prairie and turf buffer strips on golf course fairway runoff and leachate. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(22): 1-10

Fate and Transport

Guertal, E. A. 2006. Phosphorus movement and uptake in bermudagrass putting greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(12): 1-7

Fate and Transport

Starrett, S., Y. Su, T. Heier, J. Klein, and J. Holste. 2006. Nutrient runoff from three phases of a golf course project. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(8): 1-8

Fate and Transport

King, K. W., and J. C. Balogh. 2006. Surface and subsurface nutrient transport from a golf course watershed. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(6): 1-14

Fate and Transport

Frank, K. W., K. O'Reilly, J. Crum, and R. Calhoun. 2006. Nitrogen fate in a mature Kentucky bluegrass turf. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(2): 1-6

Fate and Transport

Bell, G., and J. Moss. 2005. Managing golf course roughs to reduce runoff. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(12): 1-9

Fate and Transport

Putnam, A.R., and J.M. Clark. 2004. Managing pesticide exposure from turfgrass. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(21): 1-17

Fate and Transport

Carroll, M. and R. L. Hill. 2003. Does thatch complicate pesticide leachate predictions? USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(5): 1-9

Fate and Transport

Johnston, W. J. and C. T. Golob. 2002. Nitrogen leaching through a sand-based golf green. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(19): 1-7.

Fate and Transport

Schuman, L. M. 2002. Nutrient leaching and runoff from golf courses. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(17):1-9.

Fate and Transport

Haith, D. A. 2002. Modeling pesticide runoff from turf. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(16):1-7.

Fate and Transport

Haith, D. A. 2002. Modeling pesticide volatilization from turf. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(14):1-5.

Fate and Transport

Cisar, J. L., R. H. Snyder, J. B. Sartain, and C. J. Borgert. 2002. Dislodgeable residues of chlorpyrifos and isazofos and implications for golfer exposure. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(13):1-10.

Fate and Transport

Kenna, M. P., and J. T. Snow. 2002. Environmental research: past and future. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(3):1-25.

Growth Regulators

Hanna, W. W. 2007. Response of three bermudagrass genotypes to mowing height and nitrogen or growth regulators. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(13): 1-6

Growth Regulators

Kane, R. and L. Miller. 2003. Field testing plant growth regulators and wetting agents for seedhead suppression of annual bluegrass.  USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(7): 1- 7.

Heat and Drought

Huang, B., and Y. Xu. 2007. Mechanisms controlling heat-induced leaf senescence and heat tolerance in bentgrass. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(15): 1-6

Heat and Drought

Huang, B. 2007. Root carbon metabolism associated with bentgrass tolerance to heat stress. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(8): 1-7

Heat and Drought

Huang, B., J. Pote, and Q. Xu. 2004. Soil temperatures controlling creeping bentgrass growth. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(18): 1-5

Management

Williamson, R.C., and S. Hong. 2004. Managing earthworm castings in golf course turf. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(23): 1-6

New and Native
Grasses

Pessarakli, M., and D. M. Kopec. 2008. Growth response of various saltgrass (Distichlis spicata) clones to combined effects of drought and mowing. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 7(1): 1-4

New and Native
Grasses

Unruh, J. B., B. J. Brecke, and D. E. Partridge. 2007. Seashore paspalum performance to potable water. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(23): 1-10

New and Native
Grasses

Raymer, P. L., S. K. Braman, L. L. Burpee, R. N. Carrow, Z. Chen, and T. R. Murphy. 2007. Seashore paspalum: Breeding a turfgrass for the future. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(21): 1-8

New and Native
Grasses

Qian, Y., S. Wilhelm, D. Christensen, T. Koski, and H. Hughes. 2006. Salt tolerance of inland saltgrass. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(24): 1-10

New and Native
Grasses

Shearman, R. C., T. P. Riordan, B. G. Abeyo, T. M. Heng-Moss, D. J. Lee, R. E. Gaussoin, et al. 2006. Buffalograss: Tough native turfgrass. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online5(21): 1-13

New and Native
Grasses

Heng-Moss, T. M., F. P. Baxendale, T. E. Eickhoff, and R. C. Shearman. 2006. Physiological and biochemical responses of resistant and susceptible buffalograsses to chinch bug feeding. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online5(20): 1-11

New and Native
Grasses

Qian, Y., M. Shahba, S. Wilhelm, D. Christensen, H. Hughes, and T. Koski. 2006. Cold hardiness of inland saltgrass. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(1): 1-9

New and Native
Grasses

Pessarakli, M., and D. M. Kopec. 2005. Responses of twelve inland saltgrass accessions to salt stress. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(20): 1-5

New and Native
Grasses

Carrow, R. N. 2005. Seashore paspalum ecotype responses to drought and root limiting stresses. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(13): 1-9

New and Native
Grasses

Marcum, K.B., G. Wess, T.D. Ray, and M.C. Engelke. 2003. Zoysiagrasses, salt glands, and salt tolerance. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(14): 1-6.

New and Native
Grasses

Hughes, H., D. Christenen, T. Koski, and S. Reid. 2002. Desert saltgrass: a potential new turfgrass. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(12):1-4.

New and Native
Grasses

Lee, G., R. R. Duncan, and R. N. Carrow. 2002. Initial selections of salt-tolerant seashore paspalum ecotypes. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(11):1-7.

Organic Matter

Carrow, R. N. 2003. Surface organic matter in bentgrass greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(17):1-10.

Pathology

Blunt, T. D., and N. A. Tisserat. 2007. New insights on Typhula snow molds. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(22): 1-5

Pathology

Camberato, J. J., P. D. Peterson, and S. B. Martin. 2005. Salinity alters rapid blight disease occurrence. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(16): 1-7

Pathology

Williams, D. W., and M. S. Harrell. 2005. Leaf surface morphology among Agrostis species and cultivars and correlation with dollar spot severity.USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(10): 1-6

Pathology

McCoy, E., and K. McCoy. 2005. Putting green rootzone amendments and irrigation water conservation. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(8): 1-9

Pathology

Harman, G.E., E.B. Nelson, B. Giuliano Garisto Donzell, and K.L. Ondik. 2005. Diversity and biology of the dollar spot organism, Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, and its implications. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(4): 1-9

Pathology

Peterson, P., B. Martin, and J. Camberato. 2004. Rapid blight disease of cool-season grasses. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(8): 1-6

Pathology

Johnston, W. J. and C. T. Golob. 2003. Snow mold control in the Intermountain Northwest. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(23): 1-9

Pathology

Tisserat, N. A., F. B. Iriarte, H. C. Wetzel III, J. D. Fry, and D. L. Martin. 2003. Identification, distribution, and aggressiveness of spring dead spot pathogens of bermudagrass. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(20): 1-8

Pathology

Datnoff, L. A. and B. A. Rutherford. 2003. Accumulation of silicon by bermudagrass to enhance disease suppression of leaf spot and melting out. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(18): 1-6.

Pathology

Uddin, W., G. Viji, and P. Vincelli. 2003. Gray leaf spot of perennial ryegrass turf: an emerging problem for the turfgrass industry. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(11): 1- 18.

Pathology

Kaminski, J. E. and P. H. Dernoeden. 2003. Understanding bentgrass dead spot. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(2): 1-7.

Putting Green

Leinauer, B., and J. Makk. 2007. Establishmet of golf greens under different construction types, irrigation systems, and rootzones. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(7): 1-7

Putting Green

McCoy, E., and K. McCoy. 2006. Dynamics of water flow in putting greens via computer simulation. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(17): 1-15

Putting Green

Gaussoin, R., R. Shearman, L. Wit, T. McClellan, and Jason Lewis. 2006. Soil physical and chemical characteristics of aging golf greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(14): 1-11

Putting Green

St. John, R., and N. Christians. 2006. Soil testing methods for sand-based putting greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(13): 1-5

Putting Green

Chong, S.-K., A. Zhang, R. Boniak, Y. Haung, and C.-H. Ok. 2006. Saturated hydraulic conductivity of coarse-textured rootzone mixes. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(11): 1-10

Putting Green

Frank, K. W., B. E. Leach, J. R. Crum, P. E. Rieke, B. R. Leinauer, T. A. Nikolai, et al. 2005. Effect of rootzone material and depth on moisture retention in undulating USGA putting greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(11): 1-9

Putting Green

McCoy, E., and K. McCoy. 2005. Putting green rootzone amendments and irrigation water conservation. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(8): 1-9

Putting Green

Kopec, D.M., J.H. Walworth, J.J. Gilbert, G.M. Sower, M. Pessarakli. 2005. Ball roll distance of 'Sea Isle 2000' paspalum in response to mowing height and nitrogen fertility. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(7): 1-6

Putting Green

Branham, B.E., F.Z. Kandil, and J. Mueller. 2004. Best management practices to reduce pesticide runoff from turf. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(17): 1-8

Putting Green

Murphy, J.A., H. Samaranayake, J.A. Honig, T.J. Lawson, and S.L. Murphy. 2004. Creeping bentgrass establishment on sand-based rootzones varying in amendment. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(10): 1-15

Putting Green

Thien, S., S. Starret, R. Robel, P. Shea, D. Gourlay, and C. Roth. 2004. A multiple index environmental quality evaluation and management system: Application to a golf course. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(7): 1-10

Putting Green

Bigelow, C.A., D.C. Bowman, and D.K. Cassel. 2004. Physical properties of sand amended with inorganic materials or sphagnum peat moss. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(6): 1-14

Putting Green

Bigelow, C. A., D. C. Bowman, and D. K. Cassel. 2003. Inorganic soil amendments limit Nitrogen Leaching in newly constructed sand-based putting green rooting mixtures. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(24): 1-7

Putting Green

Miller, R. O. 2003. Variation in saturated hydraulic conductivity: The effect of antecedent moisture content. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(19):1-5

Putting Green

Prettyman, G. and E. McCoy. 2003. Localized drought on sloped putting greens with sand-based rootzones. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(4): 1-8

Putting Green

Gaussoin, R. and R. Shearman. 2003. Soil microbial characteristics of aging golf greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(3): 1-6.

Putting Green

Morris, K. 2003. Bentgrasses and bermudagrasses for today's putting greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(1): 1-7.

Soil Microbiology

Elliott, M. L., J. A. McInroy, K. Xiong, J. H. Kim, H. D. Skipper, and E. A. Guertal. 2007. Diversity of rhizosphere bacteria in USGA putting greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(20): 1-8

Soil Microbiology

Karp, M. A., and E.B. Nelson. 2004. Bacterial communities associated with creeping bentgrass in soil and sand rootzones. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(24): 1-19

Soil Microbiology

Guertal, E. A. and M. L. Elliot. 2004. Microbe populations in USGA putting greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(3): 1-6

Sustainable
Management

Landreth, J., D. Karcher, and M. Richardson. 2007. Cultivating to manage organic matter in sand-based putting greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(19): 1-7

Sustainable
Management

McNitt, A. S., D. Petrunak, and T. Serensits. 2007. The effects of organic fertlizers on the saturated hydraulic conductivity of USGA rootzones. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(12): 1-5

Sustainable
Management

Ervin, E. H., D. R. Chalmers, and S. D. Askew. 2007. Ryegrasses as companion species to speed establishment of Kentucky bluegrass fairways. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(9): 1-4

Sustainable
Management

Leinauer, B., D. Karcher, T. Barrick, Y. Ikemura, H. Hubble, and J. Makk. 2007. Water repellency in sandy rootzones treated with wetting agents. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(6): 1-9

Sustainable
Management

Settle, D. M., R. T. Kane, and G. L. Miller. 2007. Evaluation of newer products for selective control of moss on creeping bentgrass greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(5): 1-6

Sustainable
Management

Fry, J., R. Taylor, D. Stuntz, and A. Zuk. 2007. Strip seeding: A new approach for converting cool-season turf to warm-season grasses. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(4): 1-6

Sustainable
Management

Shearman, R. C., S. Severmutlu, T. P. Riordan, and U. Bilgili. 2006. Overseeding fine fescue in buffalograss turfs. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(9): 1-8

Sustainable
Management

Harman, G. E., E. B. Nelson, and K. L. Ondik. 2006. Fungicide application effects on non-target microbial populations of putting greens. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(7): 1-6

Sustainable
Management

Gannon, T. W., and F. H. Yelverton. 2006. Interseeding Roundup-ready creeping bentgrass into established 'Penncross' creeping bentgrass. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(4): 1-7

Sustainable
Management

Richardson, M. D., J. W. Boyd, D. E. Karcher, J. H. McCalla, and J. W. Landreth. 2006. Choosing appropriate herbicides for establishing bermudagrass from seed. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(3): 1-9

Sustainable
Management

Cisar, J., G. Snyder, and D. Park. 2005. The effect of nitrogen rates on ultradwarf bermudagrass quality. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(17): 1-6

Sustainable
Management

Throssell, C. 2005. GCSAA-USGA wetting agent evaluation. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(15): 71, 52-89 [1-34]

Sustainable
Management

Kopec, D.M., J.H. Walworth, J.J. Gilbert, G.M. Sower, M. Pessarakli. 2005. Ball roll distance of 'Sea Isle 2000' paspalum in response to mowing height and nitrogen fertility. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(7): 1-6

Sustainable
Management

Richardson, M.D., D.E. Karcher, and J.W. Boyd. 2004. Seeding date and cultivar affect winter survival of seeded bermudagrass. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(13): 1-8

Sustainable
Management

Grant, J. A. and F. S. Rossi. 2004. Evaluation of reduced chemical management systems for putting green turf. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(4): 1-13

Sustainable
Management

Murphy, J. A., T. J. Lawson, and J. Clark. 2003. Ball marks on bentgrass. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(12): 1- 6.

Sustainable
Management

Dernoeden, P., C. Bigelow, J. E. Kaminski, and John Krouse. 2003. Smooth crabgrass control and creeping bentgrass tolerance to Quinclorac (Drive®).  USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(8): 1- 11.

Sustainable
Management

Johnson, P. G. 2003. The influence of frequent or infrequent irrigation on turfgrasses in cool-arid west. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(6): 1-8

Sustainable
Management

Frank, K. 2002. Buffalograss management research: the results may surprise you. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(10):1-6.

Sustainable
Management

Williams, D. W., and P. B. Burns. 2002. Renovation of perennial ryegrass fairways with seeded bermudagrasses. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(7):1-6.

Warm-Season
Grasses

Anderson, J., C. Taliaferro, D. Martin, Y. Wu, and M. Anderson. 2007. Bermudagrass freeze tolerance. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(18): 1-7

Warm-Season
Grasses

Martin, D. L., Y. Wu, J. A. Anderson, M. P. Anderson, G. E. Bell, and N. R. Walker. 2007. Bermudagrass cultivars with high quality and improved cold hardiness. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(17): 1-8

Warm-Season
Grasses

Anderson, M. P., and Y. Wu. 2007. Fingerprinting of Bermudagrass DNA. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(14): 1-8

Warm-Season
Grasses

Paterson, A.H., W. Hanna, C. Bethel, and E. Sciara. 2005. Creating a genetic roadmap for bermudagrass. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(6):1-4

Warm-Season
Grasses

Anderson, J., C. Taliaferro, M. Anderson, D. Martin, and A. Guenzi. 2005. Freeze tolerance and low temperature-induced genes in bermudagrass plants. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(1): 1-7

Warm-Season
Grasses

Taliaferro, C.M., D.L. Martin, J.A. Anderson, M.P. Anderson, and A.C. Guenzi. 2004. Broadening the horizons of turf bermudagrass. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(20): 1-9

Warm-Season
Grasses

Goatley, J. M. Jr., H. W. Philley, J. V. Krans, E. A. van Santen, L. Capo-chichi, and D. Davis. 2003. The genetic stability of six bermudagrasses as affected by chronic exposure to dinitroaniline herbicides.  USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(10): 1- 7.

Warm-Season
Grasses

Anderson, M., A. Guenzi, D. Martin, C. Taliaferro, and N. Tisserat.2002. Spring Dead Spot: a Major Bermudagrass Disease. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(1):1-5.

Watershed

Reicher, Z.J., E.A. Kohler, V.L. Poole, and R.F. Turco. 2005. Constructed wetlands on golf courses help manage runoff from the course and surrounding areas. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(2): 1-14

Watershed

Starrett, S.K., J. Klein, and T. Heier. 2004. Roundup runoff from zoysiagrass fairways. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(19): 1-6

Watershed

Martin, D. and J. Gazaway. 2003. Can non-traditional water conditioning devices help address irrigation water quality and quantity issues? USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(13): 1-9.

Wildlife Links

Meehan, K., and P. G. R. Jodice. 2008. An assessment of fox squirrel habitat on golf courses along the South Carolina coast. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 7(4): 1-8

Wildlife Links

Semlitsch, R. D., M. D. Boone, and J. R. Bodie. 2007. Golf courses could bolster amphibian communities. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 6(1): 1-16

Wildlife Links

Ryan, T. J., C. M. Scott, and B. A. Douthitt. 2006. Sub-lethal effects of 2,4-D exposure on golf course amphibians. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5(16): 1-14

Wildlife Links

Merola-Zwartjes, M., and J. P. DeLong. 2005. Southwestern golf courses provide needed riparian habitat for birds. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(14): 1-18

Wildlife Links

Smith, M. D., and C. J. Conway. 2005. Use of artificial burrows on golf courses for burrowing owl conservation. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(9): 1-6

Wildlife Links

Hanna, W. 2005. Controlling thatch in 'TifEagle' bermudagrass with the Graden Verticutter. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 4(5): 1-6

Wildlife Links

Barthelmess, E.L. 2004. Managing golf courses for small mammal diversity. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(22): 1-10

Wildlife Links

White, C.L. and M.B. Main. 2004. Habitat value of golf course wetlands to waterbirds. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(16): 1-10

Wildlife Links

Rodewald, A.D., P.G. Rodewald, and M.J. Santiago. 2004. Conservation of Red-headed Woodpeckers on Midwestern golf courses. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(15): 1-7

Wildlife Links

Porter, E.E., D.N. Pennington, J. Bulluck, and R.B. Blair. 2004. Assessing the conservation value of golf gourses for butterflies. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(14): 1-13

Wildlife Links

Daniels, J.C. and T.C. Emmel. 2004. Florida golf courses help save endangered butterfly. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(11): 1-7

Wildlife Links

Soli, A.M. and W.O. Lamp. 2004. Pesticide and fertilizer contamination of streams adjacent to golf courses and the response of the Benthic Macroinvertebrate community. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 3(5): 1-18

Wildlife Links

Gordon, D. H., G. J. Stephen, and G. M. Phillips. 2003. Golf courses and bird communities in the south Atlantic coastal plain. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 2(16): 1-9.

Wildlife Links

Paton, P. W. C. and R. S. Egan. 2002. Strategies to maintain pond-breeding amphibians on golf courses. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(20): 1-7.

Wildlife Links

Howard, J. H. 2002. Golf course design and maintenance: impacts on amphibians. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(6):1-21.

Wildlife Links

Scott, D. E., B. S. Metts, and J. W. Gibbons. 2002. Seasonal wetlands and golf courses. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(4):1-7.

Wildlife Links

Stangel, P., and K. Distler. 2002. Golf courses for wildlife: Looking beyond the turf. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 1(2):1-6.